Hormonal changes trigger PMS symptoms, and there is no single treatment that works for everyone. Over-the-counter pain relievers, exercise, and avoiding salt, caffeine, and alcohol can help.

Dysmenorrhea is painful abdominal and pelvic cramping experienced around the time of a woman’s period. Menstrual cramps range from mild to severe and can interfere with regular activities for several days. PMS and menstrual cramps can occur together, and it is important to consult a physician if you suspect you have dysmenorrhea.

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a more severe form of PMS, and symptoms disrupt daily living tasks. Treatment options include dietary changes, regular exercise, stress management, vitamin supplements, anti-inflammatory medicines, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), and birth control pills.

It is important to consult a physician if you suspect you have PMDD. Infusions with anti-inflammatory agents and magnesium can relieve the cramps and GI upset caused by PMS, if you feel you have PMDD please consult your primary physician.